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21.
C H Yang L M Craise M Durante M Mei 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1994,14(10):373-382
On Moon and Mars, there will be more galactic cosmic rays and higher radiation doses than on earth. Our experimental studies showed that heavy ion radiation can effectively cause mutation and chromosome aberrations and that high-LET heavy-ion induced mutants can be irreversible. Chromosome translocations and deletions are common in cells irradiated by heavy particles, and ionizing radiations are effective in causing hyperploidy. The importance of the genetic changes in the evolution of life is an interesting question. Through evolution, there is an increase of DNA content in cells from lower forms of life to higher organisms. The DNA content, however, reached a plateau in vertebrates. By increasing DNA content, there can be an increase of information in the cell. For a given DNA content, the quality of information can be changed by rearranging the DNA. Because radiation can cause hyperploidy, an increase of DNA content in cells, and can induce DNA rearrangement, it is likely that the evolution of life on Mars will be effected by its radiation environment. A simple analysis shows that the radiation level on Mars may cause a mutation frequency comparable to that of the spontaneous mutation rate on Earth. To the extent that mutation plays a role in adaptation, radiation alone on Mars may thus provide sufficient mutation for the evolution of life. 相似文献
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Moschopoulos G. Mei Qiu Pinheiro H. Jain P. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2003,39(2):660-674
A pulsewidth modulated (PWM) full-bridge converter that simultaneously performs input power factor correction (PFC) and DC-DC conversion is proposed. The converter is the same as the standard voltage-fed PWM full-bridge converter with a diode-bridge low-pass filter front end, but with a slight modification that results in an improvement in power factor that is sufficient to satisfy the EN61000-3-2 requirements for electrical equipment. The operation of the converter is explained and analyzed, and the results of the analysis are used to determine the converter's steady-state characteristics, which are discussed in detail. A design procedure for the selection of components is then derived and demonstrated with an example. The feasibility of the converter and its ability to satisfy EN61000-3-2 requirements on electrical equipment is shown with results obtained from an experimental prototype. 相似文献
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高校图书馆向社会服务的探索 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文就高校图书馆在市场经济体制下向社会服务的重要性、可能性、服务的途径和方式进行了探讨。 相似文献
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(Instrument Developments for Applications in Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry, Geophysics and Geodesy) The Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Seanner MOMS-01, a CCD camera using the push-broom scanner principle, is presented in this paper in its flight configuration. This instrument will be the first European-built spaceborne unaging system for remote sensing applications (launch with Shuttle flight No. 7).Follow-on developments of this initial two-channel version are oriented to an extension of capabilities by a panchromatic high-resolution stereoscopic module for thematic mapping and two additional spectral channels in the reflective IR (up to 2.3 μm) offering a high interpretation potential for future earth resources exploration missions. Furthermore the subjects of advanced laser technology studies are introduced: A picosecond pulse laser system for detection of tectonic motions and for geodetic application, a CO laser for ultra precise range rate determination (Earth potential and Geoid) and a laser range finder for intersatellite distance measurements. 相似文献
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针对"嫦娥4号"中继星任务S频段信标信号的高精度实时干涉测量需求,结合深空测控干涉测量系统采用的稀疏标校工作模式,研究验证了一种面向测控模式实时干涉测量的电离层时延修正方法。首先分析了电磁波经电离层传播的延迟机理及特性;基于深空站历史观测数据,通过自相关函数分析验证了天顶向TEC的周日特性;在此基础上,结合深空干涉测量中心数据处理设备软件系统,讨论了电离层时延修正方法;通过任务期间的实测数据处理分析,验证了所提方法可以将实时测量精度提升1~3 ns,对低仰角跟踪弧段,该技术方法优势更为明显。该方法为后续深入推进深空测控干涉测量系统在任务中的实时应用提供了技术储备。 相似文献
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针对鼓形花键设计方法不完善、修形量范围无法确定的问题,提出利用花键齿面许用应力与内外花键配合干涉确定鼓形花键鼓形量的范围。以某航空发动机中央传动杆花键为例,开展鼓形花键设计;进而对比研究对中与不对中状态下普通花键和鼓形花键的接触特性。结果表明:对中状态下,普通花键接触应力集中于齿向加载端,而鼓形花键则集中于齿向中部且接触应力增大;不对中状态下,普通花键接触齿对数目显著减小且接触应力显著提高,而鼓形花键的均载性显著且接触应力降低;随着不对中的增大,普通花键因干涉而存在断齿风险,而鼓形花键仍能够啮合但脱开齿对数目增加,接触应力也急剧提高。所确定的鼓形花键修形量范围合理,能够将齿侧间隙、不对中补偿能力、与修形量定量耦合起来,为航空鼓形花键设计、不对中控制、承载能力与寿命提升提供了重要理论参考。 相似文献
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Dependence on forming parameters of an integral panel during the electromagnetic incremental forming process 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Nowadays, more and more attentions are paid to electromagnetic incremental forming(EMIF), especially for a part with a large-scale size, e.g., an integral panel with stiffened ribs. In this work, the bending of a panel into a double-curvature profile via EMIF is carried out experimentally and evaluated by comparing the formed profile with the desired profile. During the process,discharges at four positions along different discharge paths are designed. The effects of forming parameters on the die-fittingness of the workpiece are discussed, for which two evaluation indices are used to judge forming results. The results show that a discharge voltage in an incremental mode is helpful to improve the fittingness and avoid the collision rebound against the die at the same time.Discharging at the diagonal positions with the ‘‘X" discharge path exhibits the minimal shape deviation and the best forming uniformity. On the contrary, discharging at the parallel positions with the ‘‘Z" discharge path obtains the worst forming quality. Overlap of the coil at different positions should be given during EMIF; however, a lower overlap rate of the coil helps improve the forming quality. The results obtained in this work are useful for forming integral panels with stiffened ribs via the EMIF process. 相似文献